The International Pilot

The Journal of The International Maritime Pilots' Association

Issue 8, July 2000

Addition Of Results From Zig - Zag Tests To The Pilot Card And The Wheel House Poster

Proposal By Hans Hederstrom

The present Pilot Card does not contain any information regarding the course keeping and yaw checking abilities of the vessel. This information is often missing from the Wheel House Poster.

Available information is normally limited to turning circles for loaded and ballast conditions of the vessel. The data for those turning circles are obtained in deep water, at full speed and with the rudder hard over. This is circumstances that seldom apply to the working conditions of a marine pilot.

Further more it should be emphasized that the turning circle itself could give a false impression of the manoeuvrability of the vessel. There are several test results where the turning circle tests have indicated very good results but in practice the vessels have proved to be very difficult to handle due to poor course keeping and yaw checking abilities often combined with poor dynamic stability. This is a result of modern hull design in shipbuilding where the figure of the length / beam ratio has been reduced and made even worse when the stern shape of vessels often are designed similar to a barge.

Accidents have occurred due to the fact that pilots have not been aware of the poor course keeping and yaw checking abilities. In many cases the pilot made the vessel build up a Rate of Turn, which later proved to be very difficult to check and thereby resulted in an accident. This problem has become even more pronounced with the increasing fitting of high lift rudders.

If Zig - Zag test results were included on the Pilot Card as well as on the Wheel House Poster, pilots would be able to identify a vessel with poor course keeping and yaw checking ability.


SUGGESTION.

The following information should be made available on the Pilot Card:

  • Overshoot angles from 10 / 10 Zig-Zag test with the first execute to starboard:

    First overshoot angle:………..… Second overshoot angle:……………

  • Overshoot angles from 10 / 10 Zig-Zag test with the first execute to port:

    First overshoot angle:………..… Second overshoot angle:……………

The following information should be made available on the Wheel House Poster:

  • Diagram of 10 / 10 Zig-Zag test results with the first execute to starboard as well as to port indicating ‘time to second execute’ and the ‘first and second overshoot angles’.
  • Vessel complies with ‘Interim Standards For Ship Manoeuvrability’, Res. A.751(18) Yes / No

The Zig-Zag test should be repeated with the first execute to starboard as well as to port, as large differences can occur due to the type of propeller.

The Zig-Zag test should also be repeated for ballast and loaded conditions.

There are no special instruments needed to conduct those tests.